From the Russian Revolution to the fall of the communist government, what was the policy of the government towards religion?

From the Russian Revolution to the fall of the communist government, what was the policy of the government towards religion? 

A) All churches were closed.
B) The old church was replaced by Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Churches remained open but played a limited role.
D) Youth were encouraged to attend so that they could be indoctrinated into communism.
E) All marriages were performed by clergy.

Answer: C

What policy did the British follow in India?

What policy did the British follow in India? 

A) They divided India into two countries.
B) They forced all of the Hindus to migrate.
C) They turned the problem over to the United Nations.
D) They encouraged the abolishment of the caste system.
E) They required all education to be conducted in English.

Answer: D

Which of these penalties were imposed by the Taliban in Afghanistan?

Which of these penalties were imposed by the Taliban in Afghanistan? 

A) Men were beaten for shaving their beards.
B) Homosexuals were buried alive.
C) Prostitutes were hanged in public, and men were stoned for committing adultery.
D) Thieves' hands were cut off, and women with nail polish had their fingers cut off.
E) all of the above

Answer: E

Which religion is one of the three most important in Lebanon?

Which religion is one of the three most important in Lebanon? 

A) Daoism
B) Druze
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism
E) Sikhism





Answer: B

Adherents of which religion have controlled the Holy Land for most of the past 1,500 years?

Adherents of which religion have controlled the Holy Land for most of the past 1,500 years? 

A) Sikhism
B) Judaism
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Christianity

Answer: D

Israel has controlled all of Jerusalem since

Israel has controlled all of Jerusalem since 

A) partition of Palestine by the United Nations in 1947.
B) the withdrawal of British rule in 1948.
C) the Arab-Israeli armistice of 1949.
D) the Six-Day War in 1967.
E) the Egyptian and Israeli peace treaty of 1979.

Answer: D

Palestinians include all but which of the following groups?

Palestinians include all but which of the following groups? 

A) residents of refugee camps
B) residents of territories occupied by Israel
C) citizens of other states calling themselves Palestinians
D) Jewish citizens of Israel
E) Muslim citizens of Israel

Answer: D

The situation in Northern Ireland is the result of

The situation in Northern Ireland is the result of 

A) counties in Northern Ireland voting to remain in the United Kingdom.
B) Catholic protest against discrimination by Protestants.
C) British colonial control which contributed to poor economic conditions.
D) violence committed by extreme partisans on both sides.
E) all of the above

Answer: E

The United Nations partition plan dividing Palestine placed Jerusalem under

The United Nations partition plan dividing Palestine placed Jerusalem under 

A) a British Mandate
B) Palestinian administration.
C) Israeli administration.
D) divided administration.
E) United Nations administration.

Answer: E

Cremation is more important than burial in which religion?

Cremation is more important than burial in which religion? 

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Judaism

Answer: C

Worship in Hinduism is most likely to take place

Worship in Hinduism is most likely to take place 

A) in a holy shrine.
B) as part of a pilgrimage.
C) at home.
D) in a pagoda.
E) in a monastery.

Answer: C

A mosque differs from a church, because a mosque

A mosque differs from a church, because a mosque 

A) is not a sanctified place.
B) is not a place of worship.
C) displays a variety of architectural styles.
D) contains relics of the founder.
E) is decorated with scenes from the life of the founder.

Answer: A

Which ethnic religion follows a lunar calendar?

Which ethnic religion follows a lunar calendar? 

A) Hinduism
B) Islam
C) Judaism
D) Sikhism
E) all of the above




Answer: C

Which is not a characteristic of a hierarchical religion?

Which is not a characteristic of a hierarchical religion? 

A) It has a well-defined hierarchical structure.
B) It encourages each congregation to be self-sufficient.
C) It organizes territory into local administrative units.
D) It fosters interaction among different congregations.
E) Regional administration is located in large cities.

Answer: B

Beliefs concerning the origin of the universe are

Beliefs concerning the origin of the universe are 

A) animism.
B) cosmogony.
C) monotheism.
D) astronomy.
E) polytheism.

Answer: B

Judaism is classified as an ethnic rather than a universalizing religion, primarily because

Judaism is classified as an ethnic rather than a universalizing religion, primarily because 

A) its main holidays relate to events in the life of its founder, Abraham.
B) it uses a lunar calendar.
C) its rituals derive from the agricultural cycle in Israel.
D) it commemorates the Exodus from Egypt.
E) the holy text is the foundation of the religion.

Answer: C

The concept of a ghetto originally referred to the area of a city

The concept of a ghetto originally referred to the area of a city

A) inside the walls.
B) inhabited by the lowest-income people.
C) where Jews were forced to live.
D) where most blacks lived.
E) where the untouchable caste lived.

Answer: C

For most of the past 2,000 years, most Jews have been

For most of the past 2,000 years, most Jews have been 

A) highly clustered in present-day Israel.
B) dispersed around the world.
C) concentrated in the United States.
D) forced to live in ghettos.
E) nomads herding sheep.




Answer: B

Followers of which religious branch do not trace their origin to Abraham?

Followers of which religious branch do not trace their origin to Abraham? 

A) Eastern Orthodox
B) Mahayana
C) Shiite
D) Sunni
E) Judaism

Answer: B

The belief in the existence of only one god is

The belief in the existence of only one god is 

A) animism.
B) cosmogony.
C) monotheism.
D) polytheism.
E) pagan.

Answer: C

Especially important in Daoism is to

Especially important in Daoism is to 

A) perform public service.
B) reflect on the mystical and magical aspects of life.
C) respect forces of nature as divine.
D) believe in one all-powerful God.
E) read the holy texts daily.

Answer: B

Especially important in Confucianism is to

Especially important in Confucianism is to 

A) perform public service.
B) reflect on the mystical and magical aspects of life.
C) respect forces of nature as divine.
D) believe in one all-powerful God.
E) read the holy texts daily.

Answer: A

Which is not an ethnic Asian religion?

Which is not an ethnic Asian religion? 

A) Buddhism
B) Confucianism
C) Shintoism
D) Daoism
E) Hinduism




Answer: A

The agricultural calendar is relatively unimportant to which type of religions?

The agricultural calendar is relatively unimportant to which type of religions? 

A) animist
B) ethnic
C) pagan
D) universalizing
E) all of the above

Answer: D

Animists believe that

Animists believe that 

A) people should complete God's creation of the Earth.
B) inanimate objects and natural events have spirits.
C) people should make complete use of the Earth's resources.
D) natural disasters are preventable.
E) enlightenment can be achieved by all people.

Answer: B

Adherents of which religion are also likely to believe in other religions simultaneously?

Adherents of which religion are also likely to believe in other religions simultaneously? 

A) Judaism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Buddhism

Answer: E

Hinduism's caste system

Hinduism's caste system 

A) assigns everyone to a distinct class.
B) decrees the pilgrimages which should be taken.
C) is a substitute for the lack of a holy book.
D) identifies a family's important deities.
E) is the basis for seasonal celebrations.

Answer: A

Mahayanists, in contrast to Theravadists, emphasize Buddha's

Mahayanists, in contrast to Theravadists, emphasize Buddha's 

A) life of self-help.
B) compassion.
C) renouncing of worldly goods.
D) wisdom.
E) practice of meditation.

Answer: B

Unlike other universalizing religions, Buddhism

Unlike other universalizing religions, Buddhism 

A) remained concentrated in one region of the world.
B) was not begun by an individual founder.
C) was founded in China.
D) worships more than one god.
E) diffused primarily by colonization.

Answer: A

Which of the following is currently the most important religion in the homeland of the man who founded it?

Which of the following is currently the most important religion in the homeland of the man who founded it? 

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Shintoism

Answer: D

What is the holiest book in Hinduism?

What is the holiest book in Hinduism? 

A) the Bible
B) the Old Testament
C) the Quran
D) the Amrit
E) none of the above

Answer: E

Adherents of which religion controlled much of present-day Spain until 1492, but not since then?

Adherents of which religion controlled much of present-day Spain until 1492, but not since then?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Druze

Answer: D

The dominant branch of Islam in Iran is

The dominant branch of Islam in Iran is 

A) Druze.
B) Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Sikh.
D) Sunni.
E) Shiite.

Answer: E

The dominant branch of Islam is

The dominant branch of Islam is 

A) Druze.
B) Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Sikh.
D) Sunni.
E) Shiite.

Answer: D

Muslims are clustered in

Muslims are clustered in 

A) Sub-Saharan Africa.
B) South America
C) Eastern Europe.
D) East Asia.
E) the Middle East.

Answer: E

Lutheranism is an example of a Christian

Lutheranism is an example of a Christian 

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) religion.
D) sect.
E) family.

Answer: B

Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian

Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian 

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) religion.
D) sect.
E) family.

Answer: A

Which of the following is not a universalizing religion?

Which of the following is not a universalizing religion? 

A) Buddhism
B) Sikhism
C) Islam
D) Judaism
E) Christianity

Answer: D

The people of Quebec are distinguished from residents of neighboring Canadian provinces and the United States because they

The people of Quebec are distinguished from residents of neighboring Canadian provinces and the United States because they 

A) don't speak an Indo-European language.
B) are not predominantly Christian.
C) frequently use religious toponyms.
D) want to become part of France again.
E) practice religious tolerance.

Answer: C

Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S. southwest primarily because of migration of

Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S. southwest primarily because of migration of 

A) Roman Catholics from Latin America.
B) Roman Catholics from the northeast United States.
C) Roman Catholics from Ireland.
D) Protestants to the north.
E) Protestants to the east.

Answer: A

The goal of the majority of people living in Northern Ireland is to

The goal of the majority of people living in Northern Ireland is to 

A) remain part of the United Kingdom.
B) migrate to the Republic of Ireland.
C) become part of the Republic of Ireland.
D) join the Irish Republican Army.
E) establish an independent republic.

Answer: A

Protestants in Ireland are

Protestants in Ireland are 

A) dispersed throughout the island.
B) recent immigrants from Great Britain.
C) highly clustered in one part of the island.
D) highly integrated with the Roman Catholic population.
E) A and B

Answer: C

Which is a branch of Christianity?

Which is a branch of Christianity? 

A) Druze
B) Eastern Orthodox
C) Shiite
D) Theravadist
E) Judaism

Answer: B

Christianity first diffused from its hearth through

Christianity first diffused from its hearth through 

A) contagious diffusion.
B) hierarchical diffusion.
C) relocation diffusion.
D) expansion diffusion.
E) all of the above

Answer: C

The world's largest ethnic religion is

The world's largest ethnic religion is 

A) Confucianism.
B) Daoism.
C) Hinduism.
D) Shintoism.
E) Islam.

Answer: C

The world's largest universalizing religion is

The world's largest universalizing religion is 

A) Buddhism.
B) Christianity.
C) Hinduism.
D) Islam.
E) Shintoism.

Answer: B

A universalizing religion

A universalizing religion 

A) is based on the physical characteristics of a particular location on Earth.
B) appeals to people living in a wide variety of locations.
C) is rarely transmitted through missionaries.
D) has celebrations based on seasonal changes.
E) is less likely to be used as a reason for violence than ethnic religions.

Answer: B

A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a

A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a 

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) sect.
D) dialect.
E) family.

Answer: C

A large and fundamental division within a religion is a

A large and fundamental division within a religion is a 

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) sect.
D) dialect.
E) family.






Answer: A

With respect to the relationship between culture, religion, and the physical environment

With respect to the relationship between culture, religion, and the physical environment 

A) few religions derive meaningful events from the physical environment.
B) religious ideas may be responsible for some of the changes people make in the physical environment.
C) religion is no longer an important source of identification for a distinct cultural group.
D) all religions appeal primarily to people living in their land of origin.
E) All of the above are true.

Answer: B