UN experts concluded that Iraq had ________ in 1991 after its Desert Storm defeat, but officials in U.S. president George W. Bush's administration attempted to argue that the UN experts were wrong.

UN experts concluded that Iraq had ________ in 1991 after its Desert Storm defeat, but officials in U.S. president George W. Bush's administration attempted to argue that the UN experts were wrong.

A) destroyed its weapons of mass destruction
B) hidden its weapons of mass destruction
C) illegally invaded and occupied a neighboring country
D) supported terrorist attacks
E) falsified data concerning the presence of weapons of mass destruction


Answer: : A

Key challenges to establishing a representative government in Iraq after Saddam Hussein are

Key challenges to establishing a representative government in Iraq after Saddam Hussein are

A) geometric boundaries established by British and French treaties.
B) tribal and ethnic differences between provinces.
C) sectarian conflict between the Shiite and Sunni Muslims.
D) Al-Qaeda insurgents opposed to a secular state with U.S. ties.
E) All of these answers are correct.


Answer: : E

Which of the following is not true of al-Qaeda?

Which of the following is not true of al-Qaeda?

A) Al-Qaeda has been implicated in several bombings since the attack on the United States in 2001.
B) Al-Qaeda is a single unified organization.
C) Most al-Qaeda cell members have lived in ordinary society, supporting themselves with jobs or crime.
D) Finance, media, legal-religious policy and military committees report to a council called Majiis al shura.
E) Al-Qaeda grew out of the war against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan.


Answer: : B

In the 1980s, the United States sent bombers to attack ________ in a failed attempt to kill Colonel Muammar el-Qaddafi, in retribution for his country's support of terrorism.

In the 1980s, the United States sent bombers to attack ________ in a failed attempt to kill Colonel Muammar el-Qaddafi, in retribution for his country's support of terrorism.

A) Libya
B) Iraq
C) Iran
D) Egypt
E) Israel


Answer: : A

Terrorism differs from assassinations and other acts of political violence because

Terrorism differs from assassinations and other acts of political violence because

A) attacks are never well coordinated.
B) attacks are aimed at military targets or political leaders.
C) attacks are aimed at ordinary people.
D) attacks use only personal and improvised weapons.
E) attacks are typically made without regard for political goals.



Answer: : C

Since the end of the Cold War,

Since the end of the Cold War,

A) Russia has become a nation-state, with the expulsion of minorities from regions such as the Caucasus.
B) military alliances have become more important in Europe.
C) nationalities have been discouraged from expressing their cultural identities, particularly in the Caucasus region and Siberia.
D) Russia has undergone political and economic turmoil, including rebellion in the Caucasus region.
E) COMECON has reemerged as a major economic entity in Eastern Europe, and has cooperated with the European Union and NATO on environmental issues and regional trade.



Answer: : D

Which of the following is true about both China and Taiwan?

Which of the following is true about both China and Taiwan?

A) Neither one is a member of the United Nations.
B) Both consider Taiwan to be the sovereign property of the communist government in Beijing.
C) Both now hold seats in the United Nations.
D) Neither was once ruled by the Nationalists, although both have official relationships with the United States.
E) Both were once ruled by the Nationalists, and both have official relationships with the United States.


Answer: : E

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances in 1980, among the members of the Warsaw Pact, the country bordering Poland on the east was

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances in 1980, among the members of the Warsaw Pact, the country bordering Poland on the east was

A) Austria.
B) East Germany.
C) Yugoslavia.
D) the Soviet Union (USSR)
E) Czechoslovakia.


Answer: : D

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances, among the members of the Warsaw Pact, the country bordering Hungary on the east was

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances, among the members of the Warsaw Pact, the country bordering Hungary on the east was

A) Austria.
B) Poland.
C) Yugoslavia.
D) Romania.
E) Czechoslovakia.



Answer: : D

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances in 1980, which NATO member was directly south of the USSR and bordered on the Black Sea?

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances in 1980, which NATO member was directly south of the USSR and bordered on the Black Sea?

A) West Germany
B) Greece
C) Norway
D) Turkey
E) Yugoslavia


Answer: : D

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances in 1980, what NATO member was directly north of Italy?

As shown on the map of European economic and military alliances in 1980, what NATO member was directly north of Italy?

A) Austria
B) Switzerland
C) Spain
D) West Germany
E) Czechoslovakia


Answer: : D

The boundary between the two Germanys was determined by

The boundary between the two Germanys was determined by

A) Cold War alliances and rivalries after World War II.
B) membership in the United Nations, along with nationalistic issues.
C) the growth of fascism in Europe.
D) the changing physical boundaries of Europe's major rivers and coastlines.
E) cultural issues involving shifting language patterns in Europe.


Answer: : A

In ________ in 1979, when the U.S.-supported leader of the country was ousted from power, supporters of the ayatollah seized the U.S. embassy and held 62 Americans hostage until January 20, 1981.

In ________ in 1979, when the U.S.-supported leader of the country was ousted from power, supporters of the ayatollah seized the U.S. embassy and held 62 Americans hostage until January 20, 1981.

A) Iran
B) Iraq
C) Afghanistan
D) Egypt
E) Israel


Answer: : A

______ entered Afghanistan in the ________ to help fight a jihad against the Soviet Union, and years later he opposed the stationing of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia.

______ entered Afghanistan in the ________ to help fight a jihad against the Soviet Union, and years later he opposed the stationing of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia.

A) Osama bin Laden- 1980s
B) Osama bin Laden- 1990s
C) Osama bin Laden- 1970s
D) Muhammad bin Laden- 1980s
E) Ladenbil al Reilly- 1980s



Answer: : A

As a result of a 1979 Soviet invasion, Osama bin Laden left Saudi Arabia to join the rebellion of fundamentalist Muslims calling themselves

As a result of a 1979 Soviet invasion, Osama bin Laden left Saudi Arabia to join the rebellion of fundamentalist Muslims calling themselves

A) mujahedeen, or "holy warriors."
B) kamchatkadeen, or "Kamcha warriors."
C) iraqideen, or "Southwest Asian warriors."
D) jalomadeen, or "peace warriors."
E) Islamic Brotherhood "holy warriors."


Answer: : A

As a result of a 1979 Soviet invasion, fundamentalist Muslims began a major rebellion in ________, supported in part by weapons supplied by the United States.

As a result of a 1979 Soviet invasion, fundamentalist Muslims began a major rebellion in ________, supported in part by weapons supplied by the United States.

A) Afghanistan
B) Ethiopia
C) Iran
D) Vietnam
E) Yugoslavia


Answer: : A

In the geopolitical sphere, a balance of power is

In the geopolitical sphere, a balance of power is 

A) a condition of roughly equal strength between opposing sides, as if they were two equally matched camps.
B) always bipolar but reinforced by satellite states.
C) a condition of unequal strength between opposing sides, as if they were two powerful allies, supported by a range of satellite states.
D) exemplified by a League of Nations or, in the post-World War II era, the United Nations.
E) the type of power shared by the members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.


Answer: : A

The two Germanys

The two Germanys

A) existed separately from 1949 to 1990.
B) are the newest UN member states in Europe.
C) were divided by proto-Germanic languages.
D) are on opposite banks of the Rhine River.
E) were divided by economic and cultural boundaries until 1871.


Answer: : A

When gerrymandering takes place, the kind of redistricting that concentrates opposition voters into a small number of districts, allowing the party in power to gain control of numerous other districts, is termed a(n) ________ strategy.

When gerrymandering takes place, the kind of redistricting that concentrates opposition voters into a small number of districts, allowing the party in power to gain control of numerous other districts, is termed a(n) ________ strategy.

A) excess vote
B) red-state rigged
C) stacked vote
D) wasted vote
E) in excess vote


Answer: : A

When gerrymandering takes place, the kind of redistricting so that the opposition is spread across many districts as a minority is termed a(n) ________ strategy.

When gerrymandering takes place, the kind of redistricting so that the opposition is spread across many districts as a minority is termed a(n) ________ strategy.

A) wasted vote
B) rightwing
C) stacked vote
D) districting
E) excess vote


Answer: : A